Moteri za Pumbaa 120KW PMSM zitwara imodoka zikoresha amashanyarazi PML120

1. Igishushanyo mbonera cy'ubwirinzi bw'amashanyarazi menshi
Moteri ikoresha ibikoresho bishya byo kurinda ubushyuhe n'imikorere kugira ngo ihuze n'ibisabwa ku buryo bwo guhinduranya inshuro nyinshi bya SiC controllers kuri moteri zigenda zihuta cyane.

2. Amapineri yihuta cyane kandi akomeye akingira
Igishushanyo mbonera cya moteri gikoresha ibyuma bikingira ubushyuhe, bishobora kuzuza ibisabwa mu gishushanyo cya 24000RPM/min; Kandi bishobora kubuza neza ko ibyuma bitera ingese mu by'amashanyarazi.

3. Moteri ikonjeshwa n'amazi
Moteri ikoresha imiterere ikonjeshwa n'amazi yihuta cyane, ibyo bikagabanya neza imbaraga zigenwa nyuma y'uko ingano igabanutse, ibyo bikaba binongera imikorere myiza gusa, ahubwo binanongera ubuzima bw'imikorere ya sisitemu.

4. Imikorere myiza ya NVH
Rotor ya moteri ikoresha imiterere y'inkingi ihengamye, ibyo bigatuma NVH ya sisitemu ya moteri irushaho kuba nziza.

Nk'ingenzi mu gutanga ingufu zikoreshwa mu buryo bunoze, imikorere, ubwizerwe, n'igiciro cya moteri zihoraho zihuza ingufu za magnet (PMSM) ahanini bigenwa n'igishushanyo mbonera cya rotor. Rotor, igice cy'ingenzi gitwara ingufu zihoraho kandi gituma ingufu za electromechanical zihinduka, ihura n'imbogamizi nyinshi mu miterere y'imiterere, harimo imikorere ya electromagnetic, imbaraga za mekanike, imicungire y'ubushyuhe, n'ikiguzi cyo gukora. Iyi nkuru yibanda ku ikoranabuhanga ry'ingenzi ryo gushushanya rotor kandi itanga isesengura ryimbitse rishingiye ku buryo bw'ubuhanga.

I. Imiterere ihoraho ya Magnet: Ishingiro ry'imiterere

Imbere muri rotor hari imiterere ya rukuruzi zihoraho, zigena mu buryo butaziguye imiterere y’ibanze ya moteri ya electromagnetic hamwe n’imbaraga za mekanike. Hari imiterere itatu y’ibanze:

1. Ubwoko bw'ubuso bugaragara

Ingufu zihoraho zifatanye neza n'ubuso bukikije inkingi ya rotor. Iyi miterere yoroshye kandi itanga imiraba myiza y'imbaraga za rukuruzi zikoresha umwuka. Ariko, ingufu zishyirwa ku ngufu za centrifugal, bigatuma gukora vuba cyane biba imbogamizi ikomeye. Hakenewe ingamba zikomeye zo kuzirinda (urugero: amaboko) kugira ngo zihambirwe.

2. Ubwoko bw'ubuso bushyizwemo

Ingufu zihoraho zishyirwa mu myanya iri ku gice cy’imbere cya rotor, bigatuma habaho ubuso bugororotse bw’inkingi ya rukuruzi. Ugereranyije n’ubwoko bw’inyuma, igice cy’imbere gitanga inkunga ku ruhande rwa rukuruzi, bikongera ubudahangarwa ku mbaraga za centrifugal. Iyi miterere kandi yemerera ikigereranyo runaka cy’ubudahangarwa, byoroshya kugabanuka k’umuvuduko mu ntera ndende.

3. Ubwoko bw'imbere bushyirwamo (Ubwoko bushyinguwemo)

Iyi niyo miterere ikomeye ya moteri zikoresha ingufu nshya (NEV). Magnets zihoraho ziba zuzuye mu myanya yakozwe mbere mu gice cy’imbere cya rotor. Igice cy’imbere gitanga uburinzi busanzwe kandi bukomeye bwa mekanike, butuma rotor ishobora kwihanganira imbaraga nyinshi cyane za centrifugal - bigatuma iba amahitamo meza yo gukoresha umuvuduko mwinshi. Akamaro kayo gakomeye kari mu buryo bworoshye bwo gushushanya: imiterere itandukanye y’inzitizi za magnetism (urugero, ifite ishusho ya V, ifite ishusho ya I, ifite ishusho ya V ebyiri) ishobora gukorwa kugira ngo igere ku gipimo cyo hejuru cy’ubuhanga, yongera cyane ibice bya torque bidashaka. Ibi bituma ingufu nyinshi ziyongera kandi zigakoreshwa mu kugenzura umuvuduko wagutse (hamwe n’ubushobozi bukomeye bwo kugabanya imbaraga). Ihuza rya magnets zihoraho zifite ibyiciro byinshi rirushaho kunoza imiterere y’ingufu za magnetism, bigagabanya torque ripple. Ariko, iyi miterere iragoye cyane, isaba ubuhanga bwo gukora no gucunga neza imyuka ya magnetism (cyane cyane iy’ibiraro bya magnetism).

(Ishusho y'imiterere y'imbere)

II. Ingorane zo Guhangana n'Ingufu z'Umuvuduko Ukabije n'Ingamba zo Kuzirwanya

Nubwo rukuruzi zihoraho za sintered neodymium-iron-boron (NdFeB) zifite ubushobozi bwo hejuru zigaragaza ubushobozi bwiza bwo gukurura, imbaraga zazo zo gukurura ni nke cyane ugereranyije n'imbaraga zazo zo gukanda. Imbaraga nyinshi zo mu gice cy'imbere mu kirere mu gihe cyo kuzenguruka cyane zitera ikibazo gikomeye ku gishushanyo mbonera cya rotor.

1. Guhitamo imiterere

Inyubako ishyizwe imbere, hamwe n’ubushobozi bwayo bwo kwihanganira ibintu (magnets zihoraho zihangana ahanini n’imihangayiko yo gukanda, mu gihe imbaraga za centrifugal zitwarwa n’inkuta z’ibanze), yabaye amahitamo y’ingenzi ku mashini zikora PMSM zihuta cyane.

2. Ikoranabuhanga ry'amaboko

Ku bikorwa byihariye (urugero, rotors zimwe na zimwe zishyirwa ku buso), amaboko akomeye ni ingenzi cyane kugira ngo umuntu agire umutekano. Hari ubwoko bubiri bw'ingenzi:

Imishumi y'icyuma idafite ingufu za rukuruzi: Iyi mishumi itanga imbaraga zikomeye kandi ikoresha inzira zikuze (urugero, imishumi y'ubushyuhe ihura n'ingaruka mbi). Ariko, itera igihombo cy'umuvuduko wa eddy (cyane cyane ku muvuduko wo hejuru), bigasaba ko habaho kunoza ubunini bw'umuvuduko no kwita ku micungire y'ubushyuhe.

Imishumi ya Karuboni: Ni nziza kuri moteri zihuta cyane, izi zitanga ibyiza bikomeye: imbaraga zidasanzwe (zoroshye ariko zikomeye), ubushobozi budakoresha ingufu za rukuruzi n'izidakoresha ingufu za rukuruzi (kugabanya igihombo cy'inyongera cy'amashanyarazi), hamwe n'uburyo bwo kwagura ubushyuhe (CTE) bushobora guhindurwa kugira ngo buhuze na rukuruzi zihoraho kandi bugabanye umuvuduko w'ubushyuhe. Imbogamizi zirimo ikiguzi kinini, inzira zigoye zo gukora (guhuza no gukonjesha), no kwemeza ko ari ingenzi mu gihe kirekire.

3. Igishushanyo mbonera gishingiye ku kwigana

Igishushanyo mbonera cya rotor gigezweho gishingiye cyane ku buryo bwo kwigana ibintu mu buryo bwa fiziki nyinshi:

Imiterere y'Ubukanishi bw'Imiterere: Kubara neza neza uburyo stress ikwirakwizwamo hakoreshejwe imbaraga za centrifugal n'ubushyuhe bwihuse, ukoreshe imiterere ya magneti ihoraho, imyanya y'aho ibintu bihagarara, ingano y'ibiraro bya magneti, n'ibipimo by'amaboko kugira ngo ukomeze koroshya ubwinshi bw'ibikoresho mu gihe ugenzura neza umutekano.

Imiterere y’amashanyarazi n’ubushyuhe: Gusesengura igihombo cy’umuyoboro w’amashanyarazi n’ingaruka zabyo ku kwiyongera k’ubushyuhe, kunoza imikorere y’amashanyarazi n’ingamba zo gucunga ubushyuhe.

III. Imicungire y'ubushyuhe n'ubwirinzi

Ingufu zihoraho za NdFeB ziterwa cyane n'ubushyuhe; iyo zihuye n'ubushyuhe bwinshi (

1. Gutunganya inzira z'ubushyuhe

Intego nyamukuru ni ukugabanya ubugari bw'ikiraro cya rukuruzi (mu gihe hagumana imbaraga za mekanike) kugira ngo bigabanye ubushyuhe hagati ya rukuruzi zihoraho n'umugozi, byorohereza uburyo ubushyuhe butangwa. Uburyo bworoshye bwo gukoresha ndetse bukoresha imiyoboro yo gukonjesha amavuta mu mugozi kugira ngo ikonjeshe neza umutwe wa rotor. Gukoresha ibikoresho bya rotor bikoresha ubushyuhe bwinshi (urugero: icyuma cya silikoni gikoresha ubushyuhe bwinshi) ni indi ngamba nziza.

2. Uburyo bwo gukora ibishushanyo mbonera by'ubushyuhe neza

Gukora moderi zirambuye z'ubushyuhe (imiyoboro cyangwa moderi za CFD) zirimo magneti zihoraho, impande, amaboko, imigozi, n'icyuho cy'umwuka bituma habaho guhanura neza ubushyuhe buhoraho bw'ahantu hashyuha cyane mu bihe bitandukanye by'imikorere (urugero: imbaraga nyinshi, ikirere gitembera mu misozi miremire). Kugenzura ko ubu bushyuhe buguma mu madirishya yo gukoreramo afite umutekano ni ingenzi cyane kugira ngo umuntu agire icyizere cy'igihe kirekire.

IV. Ishingiro ry'igishushanyo mbonera cya Rotor yo mu nzu ku modoka nshya zikoresha ingufu

Moteri zitwara za NEV zisaba imikorere idasanzwe mu bucucike bw'ingufu, imikorere myiza, igenzura ry'umuvuduko, NVH (Urusaku, Guhindagurika, n'Ubukana), hamwe n'igiciro. Igishushanyo mbonera cya rotor kiri imbere, hamwe n'ibyiza byacyo bidasanzwe, cyabaye amahitamo azwi cyane:

1. Topology y'ubuhanga bwinshi

Mu gushushanya mu buryo bworoshye imiterere y'inzitizi za rukuruzi (urugero: ifite ishusho ya V, ifite ishusho ya V ebyiri, ifite ishusho ya U), ubu buryo bwongera igipimo cya torque yo kudashaka (kugeza ku ngaruka "zibiri"). Ibi byagura cyane urwego rwo kugenzura umuvuduko w'ingufu zihoraho kugira ngo bihuze n'ibisabwa mu rugendo rwo hejuru rwa NEV mu gihe byongera ubucucike bw'ingufu n'imikorere myiza. Ibi byuzuza ubushake bwa NEV kuri stator zikwirakwiza winding, zinoza NVH kandi zigatanga uburyo bworoshye bwo gushushanya rotor.

2. Uburemere bworoheje kandi budafite uburambe buhagije

Mu rwego rwo kubungabunga imbaraga z’imiterere, igihe cyo kutagira imbaraga mu mikorere ya rotor kigabanuka binyuze mu kunoza imiterere y’ibanze (urugero, imyobo igabanya uburemere, imiterere y’aho ishyirwa) no gushakisha ibikoresho bikomeye kandi bifite ubucucike buke. Ibi binoza uburyo moteri ikora (kwihuta/kugabanya imikorere) no gukoresha ingufu neza.

3. Ikoranabuhanga ryo Guhindura Ibyiciro mu Bice Binini: Igikoresho cyo Gutunganya NVH

Kugabanya rotor mo ibice by’imirongo no gushyira buri gice mu buryo buziguye (guhindagurika) bigabanya imbaraga zo gufunga (kunoza uburyo bwo gutangira), bigabanya imbaraga zo gufunga (kongera uburyo bwo gukora), kandi bigabanya urusaku rw’amashanyarazi/urusaku ku buryo bwihariye. Ubuhanga buhanitse nka V-shaped skewing na cross-skewing burushaho kunoza imikorere. Ariko, kwiyongera kw’ibyiciro byongera imbaraga za electromagnetic axial na magnetic leak, bisaba kuringaniza neza ingaruka za harmonic na axial force.

(Ishusho y'imiterere y'imbere ya moteri ihoraho ya magneti ihuza moteri)

V. Ingendo z'ingenzi n'imbogamizi zikomeje kubaho

Ikoranabuhanga ryo gushushanya rotor rikomeje gutera imbere:

Guhuza ibikorwa hifashishijwe intego nyinshi: Algoritime za AI ubu zituma habaho uburyo bwo kunoza imikorere y’ikoranabuhanga mu buryo butandukanye (amashanyarazi, ikoranabuhanga, ubushyuhe, NVH, ikiguzi), zigatuma habaho ishakisha ryihuta ry’ibisubizo byiza.

Uburyo bwo gukora ibintu bugezweho: Inyongeramusaruro (icapiro rya 3D) ku nyubako zikonjesha cyane no guteranya neza cyane biri guca intege imiterere yazo.

Ibikoresho bishya: Sumateri zihoraho zikoresha ubushyuhe bwinshi/imbaraga nyinshi (urugero: samarium-icyuma-azote), icyuma cya silikoni gitakaza/gikomeye cyane, hamwe n'ibinyabutabire bihendutse/bikomeye ni ingenzi mu gutera intambwe mu mikorere.

Porogaramu zikoresha umuvuduko mwinshi cyane: Imiterere y’ibikoresho by’umwuka bya lisansi (＞50.000 rpm) n’ububiko bw’ingufu bwihuta cyane (＞100.000 rpm) biteza imbogamizi zikomeye mu mikorere ya rotor, imbaraga, no kugenzura igihombo.

Umwanzuro

Igishushanyo mbonera cya rotor kuri PMSM ni ikibazo cy’ubuhanga mu by’ikoranabuhanga gihuza imiterere ya elegitoroniki, imiterere, ibikoresho, ubushyuhe, n’inganda. Kuva ku guhitamo imiterere y’ibanze ya magnetometer ihoraho kugeza ku guhangana n’imbaraga za centrifugal zihuta cyane binyuze mu ikoranabuhanga ryo kongera imbaraga mu miterere n’amaboko, no kongera imikorere, umuvuduko, na NVH binyuze mu miterere ikomeye, imiterere y’uburemere, no gushushanya imigozi—buri koranabuhanga ry’ingenzi rigira ingaruka zikomeye ku mikorere ya nyuma ya moteri. Kumenya neza ubu ikoranabuhanga ni ingenzi mu guteza imbere PMSM zikora neza kandi zizewe zihuye n’ibikenewe bitandukanye mu ikoreshwa.